The Swiss personal assistance allowance, introduced in 2012 under the Federal Law on Invalidity Insurance (LAI), aids disabled individuals requiring assistance with daily tasks. Despite its significance, it remains relatively unknown, prompting an analysis of its features and implementation challenges. This article adopts a socio-legal approach to explore this social service’s political motives, unique characteristics, and implementation issues. Drawing from interdisciplinary research conducted between 2022 and 2024, including legal analysis and ethnographic study in the Canton of Vaud, the article examines the personal assistance allowance’s role in promoting autonomy and empowerment for disabled individuals. It also delves into the implications of establishing beneficiaries as employers. While the Swiss personal assistance allowance reflects a broader shift towards recognizing and supporting the autonomy of disabled individuals, its implementation reveals complexities and tensions inherent in navigating legal obligations and ensuring effective support.